Each TestContext provides context management and caching support for the test instance for which it is responsible. Test instances do not automatically receive access to the configured ApplicationContext. However, if a test class implements the ApplicationContextAware interface, a reference to the ApplicationContext is supplied to the test instance. Note that AbstractJUnit4SpringContextTests and AbstractTestNGSpringContextTests implement ApplicationContextAware and, therefore, provide access to the ApplicationContext automatically.spring-doc.cn

@Autowired ApplicationContext

As an alternative to implementing the ApplicationContextAware interface, you can inject the application context for your test class through the @Autowired annotation on either a field or setter method, as the following example shows:spring-doc.cn

@SpringJUnitConfig
class MyTest {

	@Autowired (1)
	ApplicationContext applicationContext;

	// class body...
}
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext. 
@SpringJUnitConfig
class MyTest {

	@Autowired (1)
	lateinit var applicationContext: ApplicationContext

	// class body...
}
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext.

Similarly, if your test is configured to load a WebApplicationContext, you can inject the web application context into your test, as follows:spring-doc.cn

@SpringJUnitWebConfig (1)
class MyWebAppTest {

	@Autowired (2)
	WebApplicationContext wac;

	// class body...
}
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext. 
@SpringJUnitWebConfig (1)
class MyWebAppTest {

	@Autowired (2)
	lateinit var wac: WebApplicationContext
	// class body...
}
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext.

Dependency injection by using @Autowired is provided by the DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, which is configured by default (see Dependency Injection of Test Fixtures).spring-doc.cn
@Autowired ApplicationContext

As an alternative to implementing the ApplicationContextAware interface, you can inject the application context for your test class through the @Autowired annotation on either a field or setter method, as the following example shows:spring-doc.cn

@SpringJUnitConfig
class MyTest {

	@Autowired (1)
	ApplicationContext applicationContext;

	// class body...
}
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext. 
@SpringJUnitConfig
class MyTest {

	@Autowired (1)
	lateinit var applicationContext: ApplicationContext

	// class body...
}
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext.

Similarly, if your test is configured to load a WebApplicationContext, you can inject the web application context into your test, as follows:spring-doc.cn

@SpringJUnitWebConfig (1)
class MyWebAppTest {

	@Autowired (2)
	WebApplicationContext wac;

	// class body...
}
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext. 
@SpringJUnitWebConfig (1)
class MyWebAppTest {

	@Autowired (2)
	lateinit var wac: WebApplicationContext
	// class body...
}
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext.

Dependency injection by using @Autowired is provided by the DependencyInjectionTestExecutionListener, which is configured by default (see Dependency Injection of Test Fixtures).spring-doc.cn
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext.
1 Injecting the ApplicationContext.
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext.
1 Configuring the WebApplicationContext.
2 Injecting the WebApplicationContext.

Test classes that use the TestContext framework do not need to extend any particular class or implement a specific interface to configure their application context. Instead, configuration is achieved by declaring the @ContextConfiguration annotation at the class level. If your test class does not explicitly declare application context resource locations or component classes, the configured ContextLoader determines how to load a context from a default location or default configuration classes. In addition to context resource locations and component classes, an application context can also be configured through application context initializers.spring-doc.cn

The following sections explain how to use Spring’s @ContextConfiguration annotation to configure a test ApplicationContext by using XML configuration files, Groovy scripts, component classes (typically @Configuration classes), or context initializers. Alternatively, you can implement and configure your own custom SmartContextLoader for advanced use cases.spring-doc.cn